Abstract: Fractional laser has been widely accepted as a treatment modality for a variety of skin conditions including photoaging,acne scars and pigmentary diseases.Based on the theory of local photothermolysis,fractional laser creates multiple microthermal zones (MTZs) surrounded by normal skin,followed by fast migration,proliferation and epithelialization of keratinocytes,which allows the timely wound healing with minimal downtime.This article presents an overview of recent advances in the treatment of skin photoaging with fractional laser,with an emphasis on histological changes and molecular mechanisms underlying fractional resurfacing.