Abstract： [OBJECTIVE]:To investigate the dynamic changes of urinary nephrin,and the relationship between it and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in a diabetic rat model,as well the effects of yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe.[METHODS]:Diabetic model was induced by high fat diet combined with low-dose Streptozotocin (STZ) in rats.Normal group (NG),model group (MG),and yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe treated group (YHTG) were set.Gastrointestinal Yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe was administered once daily for 32 w.At the end of the 2nd w (2w),8w,16w,and 32w,fasting blood glucose (FBG),UAER and 24h urinary nephrin (U-nephrin) were detected.[RESULTS]:Compared with NG,FBG in MG increased notably (P＜0.05).Compared with MG,FBG of YHTG reduced slowly,and the difference was significant (P＜0.05) since 16w.U-nephrin and UAER in MG increased significantly from 2w,peaked at 16w,lessened in different degree at 32w,but were still higher than NG.The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between U-nephrin and UAER at different time,the correlation coefficient as r＞0.9,and P＜0.05.Compared with MG,U-nephrin and UAER in YHTG decreased markedly (P＜0.05) except for U-nephrin at 8w.[CONCLUSIONS]:U-nephrin and UAER in diabeticrat model have a positive linear correlation.Yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe can reduce UAER markedly,and preventing the lose of nephrin in urine maybe one of the mechanisms.