Abstract： Objective To retrospectively analyze the effect of combined preventive measures on the incidence and prognosis of post-traumatic cerebral infarction (PTCI) in adults. Methods All the adult patients admitted with moderate or severe head injury since the May 2003 were treated by comprehensive preventive methods such as using less hemostatics, ensuring cerebral perfusion, taking surgical procedure timely to relieve cerebral herniation, scavenging the blood clots in subarachnoid space, improving cerebral circulation, et al. Comparative analysis was conducted on the incidence and prognosis of PTCI occurred in patients with moderate or severe head injury between 1999-2007 in our department. All the patients were divided into two groups: traditional group (1999-2003) and preventive group (2003-2007). Results PTCI occurred in 29 cases of traditional group and the incidence rate was 6.90%. 7 cases died. In the 15 follow-up cases: 4 in vegetative state, 5 severe neurological deficit, 4 moderate neurological deficit, and 2 good recovery. PTCI occurred in 17 cases of preventive group and the incidence rate was 3.02%. 2 cases died. In the 14 follow-up cases: 1 in vegetative state, 4 severe neurological deficit, 3 moderate neurological deficit, and 6 good recovery. Statistical analysis showed significant difference in both the incidence rate and the long-term prognosis of PTCI between the two groups. Conclusion The occurrence of PTCI have multi-influential factors and often results in worse consequence. Taking preventive measures at the very beginning after head injury will help reduce the incidence of PTCI and improve the prognosis.