Abstract: Objective To explore the causes and treatment of biliary stricture after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Methods The clinical data of 90 patients receiving liver transplantation between May 2006 and September 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 8 cases of biliary stricture in 90 cases (8.89 %). There were 5 cases of anastomotic biliary stricture (ABS), and 3 cases of non-anastomotic biliary stricture (NABS). Among the patients with ABS, they were subjected to sacculus dilatation and stent through ERCP. Four patients were cured, and 1 improved. Among the patients with NABS, 2 cases received second liver transplantation and cured, and 1 died. Conclusions The distinct between NABS and ABS is important, as their pathology, response to treatment, and outcomes, are different. The biliary strictures after OLT will be effectively prevented and reduced through early diagnosis and reasonable treatment.