Abstract: Objective To evaluate the compound southern star analgesic cream treating lumbar muscle strain.Methods Patients with lumbar muscle strain were randomly divided into two groups.Experimental group was given the compound southern star analgesic cream for the most painful part of lumbar muscle strain every other day.The control group used capsaicin ointment uniformly coated for three times a day.Two groups were observed for 2 courses and recorded before and after the treatment.Results The total effectiveness of experimental group and control group was 93.3% (56/60) and 88.9% (48/54),and differences between 2 groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).In the experimental group before and after treatment,visual analogue scale score was (5.7 ± 1.3)and(0.7 ± 1.5) and in the control group it was (5.9 ±0.9) and(1.7 ±2.2).After treatment,visual analogue scale scores of 2 groups were decreased,and differences between 2 groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05) ; visual analogue scale score of experimental group was lower than that of the control group,and differences between 2 groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion The compound southern star analgesic cream can significandy relieve back pain,improve the efficacy and quality of life.