Abstract： Objective To explore the method of replenishing qi to invigorate spleen combined with enteral nutrition therapy in patients with mechanical ventilation.Methods Sixty cases of critically patients with mechanical ventilation who came from the Qingdao Hiser Hospital of ICU from January 2010 to October 2011 were chosen.According to the unified criteria of patients selection,the control group received enteral nutrition only and the experiment group received enteral nutrition combined with the traditional Chinese medicine to Replenish qi to invigorate spleen.Nutritional markers (total protein,albumin,preabumin,hemoglobin)in two groups on the first day before the nourishment therapy,fifth day and tenth day after treatment were detected.Results Total protein in experimental group after 10 d treatment had significant differences compared with before treatment and control group [ (65±4)g/L vs (56±5)g/L,(61±6)g/L,P ＜0.05].Albumin in experimental group treated with 5 d and 10 d had significant differences compared with before treatment [ (31.8±2.6)g/L,(35.2±3.0)g/L vs (30.0±2.8 )g/L,all P＜0.05 ];after 10 d treatment there was a significant difference between experimental group and control group [ (35.2±3.0)g/L vs (31.9±4.2 )g/L,P＜0.05 ].Pre-albumin in experimental group after 10 d treatment had significant differences compared with before treatment and control group [ (276±58 )g/L,(204±51 )g/L vs (213±48)g/L,P＜0.05].The difference of hemoglobin was not statistically significant in the control group and the experimental group after treatment (P ＞ 0.05 ).There were no significant differences in the main safety indexes between 2 groups before and after treatment (P ＞ 0.05 ). Conclusion Chinese medicine of replenishing qi to invigorate spleen therapy combined with enteral nutrition is superior to enteral nutrition only,and it can improve malnutrition in patients with mechanical ventilation.