Abstract： Objective To investigate the association between uric acid and atrial fibrillation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.Methods Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were screened.Age,serum uric acid,NYHA classes,left atrial dimension (LAD),left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),interventricular septal thickness (IVST) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness( LVPWT) were compared between the dilated cardiomyopathy patients with atrial fibrillation and those without atrial fibrillation.The incidence of atrial fibrillation was compared between elevated uric acid level patients and normal ones.The effect of serum uric acid on the initiation and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation was also analyzed.Results After univariate analysis,age [ (64 ± 13 )years vs (59 ± 15 )years,P ＜ 0.05 ],uric acid [ (491 ± 135 )μmol/L vs (424 ±121 ) μmol/L,P ＜ 0.01 ],LAD [ (48 ± 8 ) mm vs (43 ± 5 ) mm,P ＜ 0.01 ] were significantly increased in patients with atrial fibrillation compared with non-atrial fibrillation patients.There was a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation in the elevated uric acid group than in the normal uric acid group[ 34.1％ (30/88) vs 20.2％ (18/89),P ＜0.05].After multivariate logistic regression analysis,the independent predictors of atrial fibrillation were uric acid ( OR:1.003,95 ％ CI:1.000-1.006,P ＜ 0.05 ) and LAD ( OR:1.147,95 ％ CI:1.076-1.224,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion There is an independent association between elevated serum uric acid levels and atrial fibrillation in patients with DCM,and the uric acid levels might be a useful predictor of atrial fibrillation.