Abstract： Objective To evaluate the efficacy and surgical risk of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy for local advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Twenty-five stage Ⅲ A/Ⅲ B NSCLC patients received neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy and surgery. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were obtained at baseline and after induction therapy. Results The changes of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),FEV1/forced vital capacity(FVC) and diffusing capacity of lung(DLco) were statistically significant after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. But only one of the 20 eligible patients did not undergo surgery due to PFT reduction after neoajuvant chemoradiotherapy. Nineteen patients underwent resection,including 16(84%),2(10%),1(5%) patients undergoing R0,R1,R2 resection respectively. No mortality ocurred perioperatively. Conclusions neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy reduces PFT but the impact of Neoaddjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the surgical risk can be limited when patients are properly selected for operation.