Abstract: Objective To investigate the changing tendency of the disease spectrum of hospitalized cardiovascular diseases during recent 10 years. Methods A retrospective study was done based on the data of the Jinshan District Central Hospital of Shanghai from January 2000 to December 2009. Results Compared with the first 5 years data, the constituent ratio among these cardiovascular diseases have changed dramatically during the last 5years: the arrhythmia ranked from the third up to the first (32.96%); the coronary heart disease decreased from the first to the second (23.61%); the essential hypertension decreased from the second to the third (23.34%). The increasing rate of arrhythmia, coronary heart disease and essential hypertension was 101.43%, 29. 89% and 35.13% respectively. Conclusion Arrhythmia, coronary heart disease and essential hypertension have the most popular diseases among 4 998 inpatients with cardiovascular diseases during the recent 10 years.