Abstract： Objective To observe the efficacy of domestic docetaxel in the first line treatment of 72 cases elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Totally 72 elderly patients with NSCLC were treated with domestic docetaxel with a dose of 50～60 mg/m~2 on day 1 and day 8. Re-evaluation was done after every two cycles. Those who did not have tumor progression went through other two cycles of chemotherapy and all patients were followed up until disease progressed or patients died. Results Seventy-two patients were eval-uated and shoured 26.4% response rate, 52.8% stable disease,3.2 months of median progression free survival (PFS), 8.4 months of median OS and 33.9%, 18.6% 1-year,2-year survival rate, respectively. Female patients had better outcomes than the male. Patients with good performance status(PS) had better results than those without good PS. Patients with stage Ⅲ B had better results than stage Ⅳ and those with less co-morbidities had better re-suits than those with more internal illness in subgroup analysis. There was statistical significance among different gender, performance status and clinical stage in terms of overall survival(P<0.05). The common adverse events were neutropenia(52.78%), asthenia(36.11%) and alopecia(43.06%). Conclusion Domestic docetaxel is an effective first line treatment for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC.