Abstract: Objective To study the effects of thyroxine(T4)on pituitary-ovary axis in rats and its mechanism.Methods The serum LH,FSH,E2,P,IL-1βand TNF concentration was measured with radioimmunoassayE2、P concentration while increased serum IL-1βconcentration significantly in rats(P<0.01).Conclusion T4 had an inhibiting effect on endocrine function of pituitary-ovary axis in rats by large dose T4 and using for long time.The mechanism is related to the increasing of IL-1 secretion in rats.