Abstract： Objective To observe the effects of berberine hydrochloride on the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) from human periodontal ligament cells(PDLC) in vitro culture.Methods Periodontal ligament was isolated from extracted human premolars,and PDLC were cultured in vitro.PDLC were divided into two groups,lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group and non-lipopolysaccharide (NLPS) group.Then in accordance with the final concentrations of berberine hydrochloride in cells culture medium(0,0.01,0.02,0.03 g/L),the groups were subdivided into LPS and NLPS control group,LPS1 and NLPS1 group,LPS2 and NLPS2 group,LPS3 and NLPS3 group.Cellular concentration of MCP-1 of each group was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The data were statistically analyzed.Results The MCP-1 contents were not significantly different between the groups of NLPS1,NLPS2 and NLPS3 [ ( 11.33 ±0.16 ),( 11.45 ± 0.53 ),( 11.25 ± 0.14 ) ng/L,respectively ]and the NLPS control group[ ( 11.32 ± 0.35 ) ng/L] ( P =0.692,0.568,0.524).MCP-1 contents in the groups of LPS1,LPS2 and LPS3 [ respectively ( 38.14 ± 5.34 ),( 34.15 ± 3.36 ),(26.13 ± 2.12 ) ng/L ] were significantly lower than in LPS control group [(58.42 ± 1.52) ng/L],P =0.000,0.000,P =0.000. Conclusions The inhibitory effect of berberine hydrochloride on the activities of MCP-1 from PDLC was more significant when PDLC were stimulated with LPS and in a concentration-dependent manner.