Abstract： Objective To explore the role of health management in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis combined with osteoporosis.Methods A total of 140 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled in this 12-month randomized controlled study and randomly assigned to receive drug therapy ( group A,n =70 ) or drug therapy + health management ( group B,n =70 ).Bone mineral density (BMD) of the forearm,lumbar spine and hip was measured by using dual-X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and 12 months after the intervention.The rates of fractures were calculated at 12months.Results BMD of the forearm,lumbar spine and hip of both groups were significantly increased at 12 months (group A:0.50 ± 0.13,0.78 ± 0.15 and 0.68 ± 0.14,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05; group B:0.54± 0.14,0.80 ± 0.12 and 0.73 ± 0.15,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05 ).The elevation of BMD and therapy compliance of group B were significantly higher than those of group A ( P ＜ 0.05 ),while the rate of fracture was relatively lower.Conclusions Health management can significantly improve patient compliance and medication efficacy.