Abstract： Objective To analyze the detection rate of common diseases and abnormal findings during health check-up in Chinese populations.Methods A total of 2 332 046 adults who received health check-up in 65 examination centers nationwide in 2009 were enrolled in this study. The detection rate of common diseases and abnormal findings was compared at gender,regions,or cities.Results The detection rate of common diseases and abnormal findings of the participants showed gender and geographicaldifferences.Conclution Health check-up should be an effective tool of disease screening. Gender and geographical factors should be considered when performing health check-up programme.