Abstract: Objective To investigate the expression of SIRT1 and the relationship of SIRT1 levels with body mass index(BMI), waist hip ratio(WHR), blood glucose, plasma insulin levels as well as other factors in newly diagnosed type 2 Diabetic mellitus(T2DM). Methods IRT1m RNA in adipose tissue were detected by RT-PCR. The relationship of SIRT1 levels with BMI, WHR, HOMA-IR, blood lipids, plasma glucose, insulin, HbA1c levels were analyzed. Results IRT1 level was higher in T2DM group than in controls(1.49±0.47 vs 1.12±0.32, P<0.01). SIRT1 level was negatively correlated with FIns and HOMA-IR(r=-0.421, P<0.01; r=-0.511,P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was an independently related factor influencing SIRT1 level. Binomial Logistic regression analysis indicated that after controlling sex, age, WHR, BMI, TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, the SIRT1 level was negatively correlated with T2DM. Conclusion The SIRT1 expression level is associated with insulin resistance and T2DM.