Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between aging and islet β-cell function in patients with impaired glucose regulation in Shanghai. Methods We performed oral glucose tolerance screening tests in 588 people aged over 45 years on Daning community residents of Shanghai. A detailed analysis of biochemical parameters was carried out. Results 90 cases (90/588, 15%) had impaired glucose regulation with 9 cases (10%) of impaired fasting glucose(IFG), 66 cases (73%) of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 15 cases (17%) of IFG plus IGT. The 60 cases with intact data were classified into 4 groups: A group aged 45-49 years; B group 50-59 years; C group 60-69 years; D group over 70 years. The fasting and 2-h postprandial insulin level was higher in A and B group than in C and D group. The HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were higher in A and B group than in C and D group. Age negatively correlated to serum fasting and 2-h postprandial insulin level. The serum high-sensitivity CRP of A、B group was lower than that of C、D group. Conclusion Along with aging, pancreatic β-cell function declines gradually and leads to IGR.