Abstract: Objective To study the relationship of visfatin, adiponectin and leptin levels with obesity and diabetes. Methods 85 cases of subjects included normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (n=20), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group (n=43) and simple obesity group (S-Ob,n=22). T2DM had subgroups of T2DM-Ob (n=22) and T2DM without Ob (n=21). Visfatin, adiponectin and leptin were determined. Results (1) Among the four groups, the differences in visfatin, adiponectin, leptin, fasting insulin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) were statistically significant(P<0.05, or P<0.01). (2) The differences in visfatin, leptin, fasting insulin, HDL-C,cholesterol and uric acid(P<0.05, or P<0.01)were significant between obesity and non-obesity. (3) Waist-to-hip ratio was an independent influencing factors for visfatin. (r=0.519, P<0.05). Conclusion Visfatin may play a role in the occurrence and development of obesity and DM.