Abstract： Objective To investigate the association of plasma visfatin and leptin with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 64 healthy participants with normal glucose tolerance and 102 cases with T2DM were divided into two groups:obese group and non-obese group.Fasting plasma visfatin,leptin and related clinical variables were detected.And HOMA-IR and waist to hip ratio(WHR) were calculated.Results The plasma levels of visfatin and leptin of T2DM were significantly higher than those of the NGT(P=0.00;P=0.038 respectively).Spearman correlation analysis showed that visfatin was positively correlated with HOMA-IR,WHR,leptin,HbA1c and TG in T2DM group(r=0.543,P=0.001;r =0.442,P=0.008;r=0.385,P=0.013;r=0.345,P=0.025;r=0.427,P=0.005,respectively) and leptin was positively correlated with HOMA-IR,gender,BMI(r=0.578,P<0.01;r=0.547,P<0.01;r=0.607,P<0.01,respectively).Conclusion Plasma levels of visfatin and leptin are increased in T2DM.They appear to be closely associated with insulin resistance