Abstract： Objective To investigate the association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms with the risk of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetic patients in China.Methods Of 190 patients with type 2 diabetes,159 individuals with coronary artery disease(CHD group)and 31 controls(Non-CHD)were recruited in our study.The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)assay was adopted to genotype all the subjects for the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in the adiponectin gene(ADIPOQ).The frequencies of genotypes and alleles at the sites were compared in the CHD and control groups.Results(1)SNP +45T was associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease(CAD)in type 2 diabetics(OR=1.782,P=0.049).(2)SNP+276G was associated with increased risk of CAD in type 2 diabetics(OR=1.866,P=0.027).(3)Haplotypes including SNPs +45 and+276 were shown to be associated with CAD risk in type 2 diabetic patients(P=0.03).A haplotype of TG was associated with increased risk of CAD(OR=1.998,P=0.014).A haplotype of GT played a protective role in the risk of CAD(OR=0.386,P=0.017).(5)After adjusted for the known cardiovascular risk factors,genotypic combination of SNPs +45 and +276 was associated with the risk of CAD in type 2 diabetic patients.TT/GG combination was associated with increased CAD risk in type 2 diabetic patients(OR=4.856,P=0.038).Conclusions Adiponectin gene SNPs+45 and +276 are associated with risks for coronary artery desease in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients.