Abstract： Objective To investigate the efficacy of autolo go us transplantation of bone-marrow mononuclear cells in treatment of patients wi th diabetic feet. Methods 13 patients (15 legs) with diabet ic feet were treated by autologous transplantation of bone-marrow mononuclear cells from March to December, 2003. There were 7 men and 6 women. The mean ag e was 70.2 years (range 57～81) . After aspiration of 350 ml of bone marrow bl o od from the ilium, the mononuclear cells were seperated and then injected into t he skeletal muscles of the ischemic leg. TcPO 2 (transcutaneous oxygen pressur e) was measured, skin warmness and severity of pain were estimated. Re sults No complications were found in this group. All the ischemic legs were preserved except 3 lower limbs, which were amputated due to the previ ously existed foot gangrene in one and the undurable pain in two. The feet pain alleviating rate and limb preserving rate were 84.6% and 80%, respectively. T he skin turned warm in all legs (100%). TcPO 2 of the ischemic legs was obviou sly elevated in 10 patients(12 legs). Angiography showed a noticeable increase in visible collateral vessels in 7 patients with 8 limbs who had angiographic fo llow-up. Conclusions Autologous transplantation of bone-mar row mononuclear cells could be a simple, safe, and effective method for treating patients with diabetic feet in which no arterial reconstruction is feasible. A lthough its long term effect needs to follow up more longer time and even in mor e patients, an alternative choice to treat these patients is found except amputa tion.