Abstract： Objective To investigate whether HLA DQB1*0201/0302 genotype is associated with beta cells function of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese. Methods HLA DQB1*0201/0302 genotype of 184 cases was determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Results The difference of postprandial c peptide between HLA DQB1*0201/0302 and HLA DQB1*X/X groups was statistically significant ( P =0.005). The odds ratio of HLA DQB1*0201/0302 genotype was 2.88(95%CI 1.15～7.21, P =0.024)for beta cell function after adjusting several other risk factors. Conclusion HLA DQB1*0201/0302 genotype might be an independent risk factor for beta cell’s deterioration in Chinese type 2 diabetea mellitus.