Abstract： Objectives To investigate the ultrasturctural muscular changes of type 2 diabetes subjects as one of the muscle complications. Methods Gastrocnemius muscle biopsy specimens from 10 cases of type 2 diabetic patients were colleted randomly for TEM study. Results Osmotic swelling was appeared within the skeleton muscles. The region beneath the sarcolemma showed edema, and muscle fibers were obviously lysed. The giant myelin figure were discovered in the mitochonrdia. the abnormal amounts of proteins were deposited both intracellularly and extracellularly. Atrophied muscle cells including the para apoptosis phenomena were also appreciated. Morphological markers of dysfunctions of the endothelial cells in capillaries were noted precisely. Occasionally, necrosis, formation of "acellular capillaries", thickening of basal lamina in blood vessels and the nervous fibers damages were overtly observed. Conclusion These results confirms type 2 diabetes can impair the various kinds of cells and stroma of grastrocnemium muscle tissue mainly on muscle cells and capillaries which serve as an attack targets of glucose toxic effect.