Abstract： Objective To explore the situation and prevention of lower respiratory tract hospital infection. Methods Through the diagnosis, symptomatic with appropriate antibiotics. Results Most of them were Achronic lung disease and fungal infection. Conclusion Patients should pay attention to the basis of disease treatment, supportive care and rehabilitation to strengthen the immune system and redule the incidence of complications. An appropriate length of hospital stay rational use of antibiotics can and reduce the respiratory ward of the main measures of lower respiratory tract infection.