Abstract： Objective To investigate the influence of curcumine on α-smooth actiu(SMA) expression,and to explore the role of curcumine in dealing with asthmatic rats.Methods 40 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal group,model group,dexamethasone group,scoparone group.The asthmatic rats model was established by repeated inhalation of ovalbulium.The pathological structure were detected by HE staining,and α-SMA expression in pulmonary tissues were detectd by immunohistochemistry.The changes of α-SMA content in the wall of airway and the thickness of airway smooth muscle layer,inner and outer diameter were measured by the computerized image analysis system.Results After challenged,the changes of pulmonary function were accompanied with prolonged expiratory time and elevated expiratory pressure.The expression of α-SMA,the thickness of airway smooth muscle layer were significantly higher(P＜0.01) in the model group than that in the normal group,while the ratio of inner diameter to outer diameter were lower(P＜0.01),There were statistical significance between group (P＜0.01).Conclusion Scoparone could inhibit the expression of α-SMA,relieve airway inflammation and smooth muscle proliferation,delay the process of airway remodelding.