Abstract： Objective To explore the role of autofluorescence bronchoscopy in lung cancer operation and the meaning of choice lung cancer operation mode.Methods To retrospectively analyze 32 non-small cell lung cancer patients.Before lung cancer operation,white light bronchoscopy (WLB) and autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) had been done routinely.Compared the different invasive tumor conditions by WLB and AFB,operation modes were decided by the edge of the tumor which were proved by biopsy pathology.Results In 32 cases,19 cases underwent pulmonary lobectomy.One case underwent carinal resection and reconstruction.8 cases underwent sleeve lobectomy.4 cases underwent other therapy because of tumor airway metastasis.In 8 cases which underwent sleeve lobectomy,3 ca ses were found by WLB and AFB together,5 cases were found only by AFB.In 4 cases who had no operation chance,2 cases were found by WLB and AFB together,2 cases were only by AFB.The sensitivity for the detection of bronchial premalignant lesions was extremely higher with the addition of AFB than WLB alone ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Autofluorescence bronchoscopy is a safe and efficient technique which could improve the sensitivity of diagnosis in lung cancer than WLB.It is important to select operation mode.