Abstract: Objective To observe the relationship between blood glucose levels and anti-TB efficiency of pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 168 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus was done.Results The tuberculosis lesions healing rate of good blood glucose control group,passable glucose control group,poor glucose control group is respectively 65.8%,36.4% and 20.0%.Void closure rate is respectively 52.1%,49.1% and 17.5%.Sputum bacteria negative conversion rate is respectively 95.9%,89.1% and 77.5 %.By comparison of the three groups,the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05).Conclusion Actively controlling blood sugar was key to the treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes,and long-tem anti-tuberculosis trentment program had more good effect.