Abstract： Objective To analyze the clinical features of acute hyperlipidemic panereatitis,and to investigate the therapeutic strategies.Methods In this retrospective study,44 patients with hyperlipidemic pancreatitis admitted to our hospital from January 2003 to December 2007 were enrolled,60 patients with acute pancreatitis of other etiologies were enrolled as the control group.Results The proportions of patients with overweight or obesity,hyperglycemia,fatty liver and hypertension were 81.8%,59.1%,54.5% and 68.2%,respectively;these were significantly higher than those in control group,which were 16.7%,16.7 %,13.3 % and 23.3 %,respectively (P＜0.05 or＜0.01).The proportion of patients with lithiasis was lower in HLP group than that in control group (13.6% vs 60.0%,P＜0.05).There was no difference in the proportions of patients with chronic alcoholism between two groups.The Ranson score,CTSI,complications in HLP group were 3.15±0.07,4.46±2.58 and 3.2±1.7,respectively;these parameters were significantly higher than those in control group,which were 1.62±0.22,2.62±1.90 and 0.9±1.2 (P＜0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).The level of serum amylase in HLP group was 580±222 mmol/L,which was significantly lower than that of control group (1361±472 mmol/L,P ＜ 0.01 ).The triglyceride (TG) level was linearly correlated with Ranson score in HLP group ( r = 0.77,P ＜ 0.05 ),but there was no linear correlation between TG level and Ranson score in the control group.Conclusions There was a close relationship between HLP and metabolic syndrome.Serum TG was positively correlated with the severity of HLP.