Abstract： Objective To analyze the risk factors for perioperative mortality in children after total correction of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF),in order to provide better operation and decrease the mortality rate.Methods We enrolled 191 TOF patients including 142 males and 49 females at Chengdu Cardiovascular Hospital between Jan 2003 and Dec 2010.The age ranged from 4 months to 12 years.Preoperative,perioperative and postoperative clinical data of all patients were corrected and the risk factors for mortality after total correction of TOF were analyzed.Results Among all the 191 cases,6 cases death (3.14％) occurred in early postoperative,the main causes of death were postoperative infection with multiple organ failure (3 cases),low cardiac output syndrome (2 cases),cerebral complications (1 cases).Among them,2 children (6.67％,2/30) died in age≤6 months,1 child (1.41％,1/71)died in age ranged from 6 months to 3 years,3 children (3.33％,3/90) died in age ranged from 3 years to 12 years.The results of logistic regression and model selection indicated that age ≤ 6 months (OR =4.606,95 ％ CI 1.811 ～ 11.719,P ＜ 0.05),percutaneous oxygen saturation ＜ 70％ before operation (OR =0.982,95％ CI 0.501 ～ 1.932,P ＜ 0.01),Nakata index ＜140 mm2/m2(OR =16.960,95％ CI 1.414 ～ 150.390,P ＜ 0.01),cardiopulmonary bypass time ＞ 150 min (OR =4.398,95 ％ CI 2.091 ～ 9.216,P ＜ 0.01) and multiple organ failure (OR =4.872,95 ％ CI 2.583 ～9.192,P ＜0.05)were risk factors for early postoperative death after total correction of TOF.Conclusion Postoperative mortality in children after total correction of TOF can be predicted by risk factors of age,percutaneous oxygen saturation,Nakata index,cardiopulmonary bypass time,and multiple organ failure.