Abstract： Objective To discuss the experience of medical care and rescue of the first Chinese astronaut in landing area, that could prove the feasibility of new concept emergency treatment.Methods In term of data from the foreign nations, together with accidental injuries of astronauts in human aerospace flight, the possible reasons and brought forward a reasonable and effective prophylactic measurements and treatment methods for the accidental injuries of aerospace flight.Results We established an effective mobile ICU on desert or steppe that could ensure the safety of the first Chinese astronaut. The carriers of ICU were helicopter and ambulance. Fine armature made us more effective.Conclusions Effective prophylactic and first-aid measures are the important aspect of the successful manned aerospace flight. The first-aid system for accidental injury of astronaut can realize the destination of swift response and air-and-ground first-aid.