Abstract： Objectives To study and improve the diaguosis and treatment of ureteral endometriosis.Methods The clinical data of 5 ureteric endometriosis were retrospectively analyzed.Their mean age was 38 years (range,30 ～ 45 years).Of the 5 cases,3 cases were on the left side,2 on the right.All the cases were subjected to ultrasound and intravenous urogram(IVU) as preoperative diagnosis.B-ultrasound indicated upper urinary tract dilation and hydrops in all cases,and IVU also showed upper urinary tract dilation and hydrops in 5 cases.All the cases were treated surgically.One was treated with operation of resecting pelvic cavity masses and lysis of adhesions of ureter,and was detained with Double-J stent.3 cases was treated with resection of ureteropathy affection and ureterovesicostomy.1 was treated with ureteroscopy and detaining with Double-J stent.Results Pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of ureteral endometriosis.During the follow-up period of 12 months to 1.5 years for 5 cases,all symptoms were vanished.All cases were subjected to regular B-ultrasound and IVU.Nephrohydrosis was reduced.Conclusions Ureteral endometriosis is lack of typically clinical manifestation.Therapeutic principle is to relieve obstruction of ureter and treat pelvic endometriosis immediately while being diagnosed.