Abstract: Objective To measure the blood pressure of the patients with primary hypertension and observe the level of pulse pressure and its effect on early renal function.Methods A total of 176 patients with primary hypertension were measured blood pressure to calculate artery and vein blood pressure differences.Based on vein pressure value 60 mmHg,the patients were divided into the research group with the vein pressure value ≥60 mmHg and the control group with it < 60 mmHg.The normal situation and early renal function were observed and compared between two groups.Results The age,course of the disease and systolic pressure of patients in the research group were evidently higher than those of the control group,but diastolic pressure in the research group was evidently lower than that of latter.All the indexes of the renal function were evidently higher than those of the control group,there were statistical significanecs (P < 0.01 )Conclusions The pulse pressure is parameter that reflects the arterial clasticity in the patients with primary hypertension.The pulse pressure differences are involved with the early renal damage.To monitor the changes of pulse pressure level can provide a valuable objective index for diagnosing the disease and forecasting renal damage,so it has more clinical significance.