Abstract： AIM:To investigate the significance and possible mechanism of endometrial polyps(EP)in postmenopansal women by evaluating the expression and significance of estrogen receptor (EP)and progesterone receptor(PR).METHODS:Seventy postmenopausal women with EP,who were performed with endometrial biopsy and removing polyps,and 20 pestmenopausal women with normal endometrium(EM)were as control group.The expression of ER and PR were evaluated by immunohistochemical method using a semiquantitative analysis.RESULTS:Expression of PR in gland and stroma were significantly decreased in endometrial polyps(P<0.05).The difference in expressions of ER in all groups was not found.CONCLUSION:Our date suggests that abnormal expressions of PR may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the EP in postmenopausal women.