Abstract： AIM:To investigate the correlation between the polymorphisms of interleukin-27(IL-27)gene and susceptibility to tuberculosis in the Chinese Han Population.METHODS:The polymorphisms of interleukin 27(-964A/G,2905T/G)in 385patients with tuberculosis and 391 healthy control subjects was detected by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)and sequence specific primers polymerase chain reaction(PCR-SSP),and their susceptibility to tuberculosis were analyzed.RESULTS:The A/G polymorphisms (AA,AG and GG genotypes)at position-964 in promoter of IL27 gene and the T/G polymorphisms(TT,TG and GG genotypes)at position 2905 of IL-27 gene were identified.Statistically significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies of the IL-27(-964A/G)were found between patients and controls.The allele frequency of A of IL-27(-964A/G)in the patients(66.4%)was significantly higher than that of controls(59.1%)( χ~ 2=8.80,P=0.003).The genotypic frequency of AA of IL-27(-964A/G)in the patients(48.1%)was significantly higher than that of controls(38.1%)( χ~ 2=7.83,P=0.005).Statistically significant differences in genotype frequencies of the-964A/G were found between patients with positive yield of tuberculosis and patients with negative yield of tuberculosis.The allele frequency of A of964A/G in those with positive yield of tuberculosis(70.8%)was significantly higher than those with negative yield of tuberculosis (61.1%)( χ~ 2=8.11,P=0.004).There were no differences in allele and genotype frequencies of IL-27(2905T/G)between patients and controls.CONCLUSION:This study suggested the association between IL-27 gene-964A/G polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis,and with A allele is more susceptibility to tuberculosis and positive yield of tuberculosis.There is no association between IL-27(2905T/G)polymorphisms and susceptibility to tuberculosis.