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Transferring motor branches from proximal tibial nerve for treatment of high fibular nerve injuries: an anatomical study
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- Author:
- No author available
- Journal Title:
- Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University
- Issue:
- 9
- DOI:
- 10.3724/SP.J.1008.2012.00982
- Key Word:
- 高位腓总神经损伤;神经转位;胫神经;应用解剖
Abstract： 目的 对近端胫神经的肌支情况进行解剖学测量,探讨胫神经肌支转位治疗腓总神经高位损伤或长段损伤的手术可行性.方法 选取12具(23侧)中性甲醛固定的成人下肢标本,解剖并测量胫神经近端各肌支的长度、入肌点处的直径、分支点至腓骨小头平面的距离(位置)及至腓骨颈的距离；从分叉部向近端膜内分离腓总神经的腓深、腓浅两部分,测量腓总神经可分离的最大长度以及腓深神经的直径.将腓深神经于分离的最高点处切断并模拟移位,观察胫神经肌支与腓深神经无张力缝合的可行性.结果 胫神经近端主要肌支有比目鱼肌支、腓肠肌外侧头支和腓肠肌内侧头支,其长度分别为(53.2±9.9)、(36.3±9.6)和(44.7±8.6) mm;从分叉部向近端膜内分离腓总神经的最大长度为(59.3±7.2) mm;分离后,所有标本的比目鱼肌支和腓肠肌外侧头支以及21侧(91.3％)标本的腓肠肌内侧头支均可直接与腓深神经无张力地吻合.结论 膜内分离腓总神经后,胫神经肌支转位治疗腓总神经长段损伤或高位损伤在解剖学上可行.综合考虑各肌支的长度和直径,比目鱼肌支是移位的最佳供体神经.
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