Abstract： T-cell immune reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is important for prevention of virus infections and disease relapse. How to modify the conditioning regimen and the graft composition to promote immune recovery post HSCT was one of the key issue of transplant immunology from 2011 ASH annual meeting.In this review,advance knowledge concerning the T-cell immune reconstitution post HSCT is summarized.