Abstract: The criteria of adults anemia older than 65 years is Hb <130 g/L (male), <120 g/L (fema le) (WHO). The incident rate of anemia in adults older than 65 year is 9.2 %-23.9 % (male), 8.1 %-24.7 % (female). Only <1 % patients the Hb is less than 100 g/L, the incident rate of anemia in patients older than 85 years old can be 30 %. The incident rate of anemia in elder patients in male is much higher than in female. The causes of anemia in elder patients attributed by lacking in haemopoiesis material, no haemopoietic material deficiency, malignant tumors, drugs induced anemia, unknown anemia. From these points of view, we must pay great attention to the anemia in elder patients in diagnosis and treatment.