Abstract： Objective To explore the correlation between the family of p16 gene inactivation and prognosis of leukemia, and then to clarify, the pathogenesis of leukemia, and monitor process of leukemia. Methods We used polymerase chain reaction(PCR) to study p16, p15, p18, p19 gene homozygous deletion,by using methylation-sensitive enzyme and PCR technology to investigate p16, p15, p18, p19 gene methylation in leukemia. Results The effective rate with p16 and p15 gene activiation was 27 cases (84.38 %), the effective rate with p16 and p15 gene inactiviation was 11 cases (28.95%), and the total effective rate with p16 and p15 gene activiation was higher than p16and p15 gene inactivation. In case to use single and multi factor Logistic regression, effective rate in cases with p16 and p15 gene inactiviation was lower than that with p16 and p15 gene activation. Conclusion It might be one of parameters for forcasting progression, relapse and prognosis in AL.